Electbomagnet



March 25 1924. 1,488,275

N. auoRs-rnom ELEGI'ROMAGNE'I' Filed Aug. 23. 1920 HHHIN HTTX Patented Mar. 25, 1924.

UNITED STATES 1,488,275 PATENT ounce.

NILS E. NORS'I'ROM'. OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. ASSIGNOR TO N. EwNOBSTROM ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A. CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

ELECTBOMAGNET.

Application filed August 23, 1920. Serial 1T0. 405,511.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I. NIL-S E. Nons'rnoM, citizen of the United s ates of America, and a resident of Chicago. county of Cook,

5 and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inElectromagnets, of which the following is" a speci fication.

My invention relates to electro magnets and is of particular service in relatibn'to electromagnets that are usedin the construction of vibratory'apparatus which is employed to agitate or vibrate partjs of the human body although the magnet [offlmy invention is not to be limited' to this utility. A vibrating mechanism made in accordance with my invention has theagitatingcontaot element thereof provided upon an extending from the magnet armature, in the direction in which the armature is magnetically a e thegm g h e ne onsive to wave form current so that when the agitat ing element is, pressed against the body. to put the armature in 'a retracted positionthe armature will vibrate or. chatterj responsively. to the fluctuating magnetism due' to the wave form current inits efl'o'rt to as sume attracted position thereby to produce the desired vibration of the agitating ele- 30 ment.

The magnet of my invention includes an armature formed of assembled relatively movable laminae so that various portions of the armature may be placed in difl'erent positions with respect to the armature winding or core. The-lamina: forming the armature are preferably swingingly mounted. the laminae then being. parallel with the-plane of armature movement. For certain purposes such a magnet is equipped with an armature adjusting element successively engaging the armature laminae to place them at varying distances from the magnet core.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention the normal range of operation of this adjusting element is such that some of the laminae do not leave the core thereby maintaininga portion of the magnetic circuit normally closed through iron. By forming the armature of'lamime it may more easily be moved away from the magnet core since the laminae mavhe'moved one by one in succession requiring minimum effort to separate it from the magnet core. By giving to the armature a normal range of move.-

occasional movement -ofjthe entire armainiddle branch of the core being common to ment which would permit some of the armature lamina'cons'tantlyto remain in'engagefment with. the polesfo'ff the magnet core the magnet vvind1ng would remain cool, the

ture being "permitted ,when, for example,

ientraordinaryli agitation of the agitating element 5 required... but as i the movement of the enpirqsrmnuie ay from the core is not .apt to occur ,:frequently the magnet windingj willfnot have opportunity to beeomefniateriallyf"heated. This is a result which isfimp'ortant in. the construction of vibrating apparatus and 'is'nseful in other connections.

I willexplain my invention more fully by reference to the accompanying. drawing showing the preferred-embodiment thereof and in which Fig..-1f:i,llustratesthe magnet of my invention. includeduinjthe formation ot vibrating; mechanismthat is made in acoordancejwithj my 'in'v'entionf Fig. 2 is a sectional view'on'. l ine 2-2 of Fig. 1: Fig.

.3 is a sectionalview on,line 33of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 illustratesfon a larger scale the forso ward end. of the armature when this armature is-fullv; resting at its. forward end upon the. magnet core; and ,Fig. 5 is a similar 'View' illustrating the changed position of the armatureadiusting element that successivelyengages the armature laminae.

-The electro-magnet' illustrated is one which is adapted to respond to alternating or wave vform current. This magnet includesa core formed of E-shaped laminae. The magnet winding 2 is placed around the middle branch of the core, the core defining a double. magnet circuit. The core illustrated is, virtually a. double U-core, the 05 the two Us. I do not, however, wish to be llimited to any particular shape' of the magnet. core. V The laminae of the magnet core a.re' desirably clamped together by :1. rectangular frame 3 surrounding the base of the core Q and. a rectangular frame 4 suraligned. These rods are desira at their adjacentiends where they have such will remain in contact with the outer polar end of the core over which said'rod 6 is disposed. The adjacent lower corner of each lamina is rounded so that as such lamina is turned it will maintain a rolling contact with the core. The armature laminae and the core laminae are parallel with the plane of armature movement. The forward ends of the laminae are adapted to rest upon the other outside polar end of the core, these forward ends of the laminae being provided with aligned holes 7. A rod 8 projects throu h these holes in one-half of the armature aminae while another rod 9 projects through these holes in the remaining laminae. When the forward ends of the armature laminae are rested upon the core 1, the openings 7 in the laminae that surround the rod 8 and in the laminae that surroundthe rod 9 are, as groups, converged inwardly or toward each other; The rods 8 and 9 are in the same plane and ap roximately Ely reduced engagement with a few of the laminae at the middle portion of the armature structure a to be adapted to move these laminae simultaneously. In other parts of thearma- 't'ure structure, however, owing to the inclination of the remaining hole 7, the rods 8 and 9 are adapted for successive engageinent with. the armature laminae to cause them to 'move' successively towardvor awa from the magnet core according. to the direction of movement of the armature. The number of laminae that are separated from the core depends upon theextent to which the inner ends of the rods 8 and 9 are moved away from the core, the normal range of such movement bein such that a plurality of lamina 7 at eac side of the armature will remain in magnet circuitclosing engagement with the three poles of the magnet core so that the magnetic flux at the sides of the magnet will encounter minimum reluctance, owe'ver, the. inner ends of the rods 8 and 9 may be so far raised as to lift the entire armature atits forward end from the core. The outer ends of the rods 8 and 9 engage sides of the frame 4 to maintain them in assembly with the laminae 7, the maiiimu'in movementv of the armature bein such that these rods will not be brou ht above said'fr'ame. These rods 8 and 9 t us constitute adjusting elements that successivelyengage the ariflalture laminae, each of these adjusting elerriritsbeing operable by a lamina or a" lu'rality' of lamina.

In the em'h iinent o f the invention illustrated the, rods 8 and 9 a're' included in an armature adjusting or retracting element which also embraces a stem 10 pivotally connected with the extensions 11 of those laminae which surrmmd the adjacent reduced ends of the rods 8 and 9. This stem extends from the magnet armature in the direction in which the armature is magnetically attracted so that by pushing upon the stem the armature Will be given retracting movement or pressure. The stem 10 carries the agitating contact element. 12 which may have a variety of shapes and purposes, only one shape being illustrated in the drawing.

The stem 10 passes through the casing 5 which houses the magnet and its armature and the greater portion of the stem 10. The casing also supports the hollow handle struc ture 14 throu h which the conducting wires 15 are exten ed into connection with the m netwinding.

ssuming that the magnet connected with a source of alternating current, it is apparent that by pressing the agitating element 12 against the body the armature may be given a retracting movement against the tractive force of the magnet. If this pressure is comparatively slight'only those magnet :laminae 7 which are pivotally connected lwith the stem 10 will be lifted against the attractive foroeof the magnet, the balance of the laminae continuing to maintain the 'will be subject to vibration due to the alternations or waves in the current and the corresponding fluctuatin flux in the core of the magnet.- By holding the armature in a ,given position through the medium of the stem 10 a vibration of the agitator 12 will result which corresponds to the tractive effort then exerted by the magnet upon its armature and the degree of which may be varied as stated.

It is quite apparent that the device of my invention is operative with only one rod 9, though I prefer the symmetrical arrangement afforded by the rods 8 and 9 for the sake of appearance and some minor advantages in the mechanism. It is also apparent that the armature described is a flexible one in that the surface of the armature when in retracted position is a warped surface as distinguished from a curved surface. In operation, the amount of this warping is a continually changing thing. As illustrated. it begins at the front central portion. If only one rod 9 is "used, it will begin at a front corner. In either case, the rear contact under rod 6 is in a plane. While the magnet is shown included in the formation of a vibrating device it is not to be limited to this use.

What I claim is:

1. An electro-magnet provided with a swinging armature formed of assembled relatively movable laminae which are substantially parallel with the plane of armature movement, in combination with an armature adjusting element operable by a lamina of the armature and adapted to suecessively engage the armature lamina.

2. An electro-inagnet provided with a swinging armature formed of assembled relatively movable laminae which are substantially parallel with the plane of armature movement, the magnet having a core with one end in contact with the armature where mounted to swing and its other end engageable by said armature and means operable thru one lamina for retracting the armature by moving the laminae with respect to each other.

3. An electro-magnet provided with an armature formed of assembled relatively movable laminae, in combination with an armature adjusting element adapted to suecessively engage the armature laminae, said adjusting element having one portion adapted to engage and actuate a plurality of said laminae simultaneously.

4. An electro-magnet provided with an armature formed of assembled relatively movable laminae which are substantially parallel with the plane of armature movement, in combination with an armature adjusting element operable by a lamina of the armature and adapted to successively engage the armature lamina).

5. The combination with an electro-magnet having a core, and an armature composed of laminae each one of which has one end in rolling contact with one end of the core, of means for moving the other ends of the laminae successively to and from contact with the other end of the core.

NILS E. NORSTROM. 

